Social Class And Race And Ethnicity Essay - 2005 Words

I’ve never taken into consideration how all of my experiences growing up has really formed the person that I am today. I’ve never really taken the time to think about my story of intersectionality until I took this class. I never realized how my inner, outer, experiential, relational, and developing identities have really constructed the person that I have become today. Many of my identities have influenced and changed my life especially my identities in social class, race and ethnicity, religion, citizenship and immigration status, first language I learned, my gender, and my gender expressions. When it comes to my inner identity I think I would classify it with my social class and race and ethnicity. I would consider my social class to be middle class, but many of my family members consider us to be upper class when they compare their lives to us. I would have a cousin who would constantly define my family as rich because of the big house we have, the nice neighborhood we live in, and all the things that we own. I guess when I compare my life to theirs I can see why they would define us like that, but I continue to see us as middle class. On the outside my family may seem like the dream life with the big house and having no worries, but in reality it was not like that. At one point my mother had a gambling problem and we ended up going into bankruptcy. This really took a toll on my family and we would really have to limit the things we would buy. It would turn into askingShow MoreRelatedRace, Religion, Social Class, And Ethnicity1274 Words   |  6 Pages your social ability, and your awareness of others are all guided by how you identify. Identification in one’s gender, race, religion, social class, and ethnicity are all driving forces behind your future self. Identity is a crucial part of who you are, and in recent studies and experimentation researchers have been trying to identify new, untested factors that influence behavior in peopl e. Although, in the past there hasn’t been a strong focus on the positive and negative effects of race and ethnicityRead MoreRace, Religion, Social Class, And Ethnicity Essay2019 Words   |  9 PagesHow one does in school, one’s social ability, and one’s awareness of others are all guided by how an individual identifies. Identification with one’s gender, race, religion, social class, and ethnicity are all driving forces behind an individual’s future self. Identity is a crucial part of who you are, and in recent studies and experimentation researchers have been trying to identify new, untested factors that influence behavior in people. 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In Health Disparities in the United States: Social Class, Race, Ethnicity, and Health - Edition 1 by Donald Barr, the author explores the questions, â€Å"What is health? How should we define it? How should we measure it?† Barr addresses the â€Å"danger of approaching health as a moral imperative† and references FaithRead MoreThe United States : Social Class, Race, Ethnicity, And Health1447 Words   |  6 Pagespersonal conduct and poor health decisions that result in serious, yet avoidable illnesses and disabilities? Will charging people higher health insurance premiums help curb poor health habits? In Health Disparities in the United States: Social Class, Race, Ethnicity, and Health - Edition 1 by Donald Barr, the author explores the questions, â€Å"What is health? How should we define it? 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Intro Anglo-Saxon culture is in many ways obsessed with sport and, from the late eighteenth through to the nineteenth centuries, produced many of the formalized sports now adopted world-wide and played according to the standard rules (Holt, 1989). In the last century following a brief period of participation, black sportsmen were barred participating alongside whites e.g. BaseballRead MoreHealth Disparities Of The United States : Social Class, Race, Ethnicity, And Health1606 Words   |  7 Pagesserve its citizens. Donald Barr’s text Health Disparities in the United States: Social Class, Race, Ethnicity, and Health examines the various factors that can contribute to unequal health outcomes. He starts by defining health and disparities for us, making the reader understand that being healthy is not merely just lacking illness. Health is a multidimensional concept involving absence of disease as well as social role functioning and psychological health. This is crucial to understand, especiallyRead MoreRace And Ethnicity Are Integral Parts Of America905 Words   |  4 PagesRace and Ethnicity are integral parts of America. They are often used interchangeably. Race is associated with biology. It is a socially and politically constructed category of individuals who are assumed to share common inborn biological traits, such as bone structure, hair type, skin, or eye color. These distinctions have been used to the detriment or advantage of American groups over time. Whereas ethnicity is assoc iated with culture factors. It is often tied to nationality of origin and characterizedRead MoreRace and Ethicity within Sociology959 Words   |  4 PagesWithin the subtopic of race, several areas including our current culture, social psychology and the current format of our social institutions allow for the production and often the reproduction of racial discrimination in our day and age. Throughout this course, the various readings and class lectures have been very beneficial when examining the impact that racial discrimination and inequality has on our society. In this paper, I will delve into the subtopic of race and ethnicity and expound on how it

Media Course work The Times and The Daily Star’s Coverage of the Ian Huntley Conviction Free Essays

For my Media coursework I have chosen to study and compare The Times and The Daily Star. I purchased these papers on Thursday December 18th 2003. The story is covered on both front pages and then continues into the inside. We will write a custom essay sample on Media Course work: The Times and The Daily Star’s Coverage of the Ian Huntley Conviction or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is about Ian Huntley being found guilty of murdering Jessica Chapman and Holly Wells. Both newspapers have articles on how the parents felt, what happened in the trial and how the people of Soham feel. The Times is a broadsheet newspaper and is aimed at social groups A, B and C1. These social groups include Lawyers, doctors, accountants, teachers, nurses, police officers, clerical workers and people in other skilled jobs. The Times has a more extensive coverage and longer articles than the Daily Star. The Daily Star aims at social groups C2, D and E. these are plumbers, mechanics, lorry drivers, postal workers, the unemployed and casual workers. It has a bolder layout and the articles are shorter than the Times. In the Daily Star it calls Ian Huntley † Evil child sex fiend†, â€Å"sex beast† and â€Å"killer is caged at last†. This shows open disgust about Ian Huntley and they are comparing his actions to that of a monster. The Daily Star reports on gossip, sex and what the celebrities are up to. The paper does not have a fixed political view and this comes across in the paper. The Times on the other hand is centrist and tries to be neutral and does not have a political side. It calls Ian Huntley â€Å"Huntley† instead of using vocabulary such as monster. On the front cover of the Daily Star it has a photograph of Maxine Carr kissing a seventeen-year-old boy the same night the girls were murdered. This is a human-interest story and is vaguely linked to the trial that found Ian Huntley guilty. The picture takes up nearly the whole of the first page and aims at grabbing the readers’ attention, as it is shocking to cheat on your partner in public. The idea behind this it that 100% of readers read the headline and see the photograph so if the paper can hold the readers’ attention then the paper might be purchased. In contrast The Times although it has a large colour photograph on the front there is still quite a bit of text surrounding it. The photograph is a picture of Ian Huntley that has been enlarged greatly to allow you to look into his eyes. The Times aims to make the front page instantly recognizable as that particular newspaper. The Times’ headline â€Å"No Mercy, No Regret† is taken from a speech made by the judge to summarise the trial. It is a restrained headline and is more serious than the Daily Star’s that is â€Å"Kiss Of Death†. The editor uses the headline â€Å"Kiss of death† as it is far more dramatic and has a more ‘down market’ approach to the main story that happened that day. † Kiss of Death† is more dramatic and provokes shock and disgust among the readership. The Times’ headline is using someone else’s opinion on Ian Huntley and is not as emotive as the Daily Star’s headline. The Times uses only four photographs on the story where as the Daily Star uses nineteen photographs. This is because broadsheet newspapers like The Times are more serious, plainer and have a more restrained layout than tabloid newspapers like the Daily Star, which try to have a bolder layout. By having more photographs the Daily Star can capture the readers attention and make it visually exciting. The Times has additional coverage of the story so photographs are not so vital as it is all explained in the text. The Daily Star has pictures of the evidence and of Huntley’s bedroom. This shows the reader how Ian Huntley tried to hide the evidence and what he was doing in police custody. The Times has pictures of floral tributes and just a few of Ian Huntley, Maxine Carr and the family. The Times has a menu on the first page this is called a â€Å"puff† or â€Å"blurb†. It advertises the content in the paper that might interest the reader. The Daily Star has a small puff but unlike the Times it does not summarise the content of the articles. The Daily Star uses quotations, for example; â€Å"Jess’s Dad: I want Huntley in coffin†. This is dramatic and would appeal to the readers of the Daily Star who are after human feeling and not the facts of the trial. The Times has article involving â€Å"New money-laundering regulations† and â€Å"More awards for The Times†. So the articles inside are about political and financial matters. The Daily Star uses a fair amount of bold type for example on page two under the heading of â€Å"Huntley killed girls in frustrated frenzy† that whole article is in bold type. In the article it uses language that will turn the reader into hating Ian Huntley. Here are some examples of this in the same article, † they rejected his twisted advances† and â€Å"Ian Huntley murdered Holly and Jessica out of sexual frustration†. The Times describes Ian Huntley as † a violent sexual predator†. The Times only uses bold type on headlines, sub-heads and for the journalist’s names. Both papers use Journalese register. In The Times it uses words like â€Å"blunders† and â€Å"booming voice of justice†. The Daily Star use it more frequently like â€Å"fiend† â€Å"cops† and â€Å"frenzy† The Daily Star uses â€Å"blunders† just like The Times. These examples help the audience to understand the article more easily, because it is familiar language. The Times uses Journalese register that has a stronger degree of formality but it still uses words like â€Å"blunder† to exaggerate the story. The Daily Star uses repetition and alliteration quite often. For example â€Å"Frustrated Frenzy† and it has a rectangle with â€Å"justice† written in it along with a photograph of the two girls the day they went missing. The Times uses only a bit of repetition and that is in the main headline â€Å"No Mercy, No Regret†. This is probably because the editor of The Times does not feel that the readership of it’s paper needs to be told something twice as they have had a better education than the readers of The Daily Star. The Times demands a reading age six years older than the Daily Star. The Times uses a more sophisticated range of vocabulary for example â€Å"persistent cruelty†, â€Å"undisguised loathing†, â€Å"demonstrate some slither of humanity† and â€Å"allegations†. This offers more description to the reader and makes the article more intriguing. The Daily Star uses vocabulary like â€Å"groped†, â€Å"ruled out† and â€Å"Monsters Lair† this makes a powerful impression on the reader and facts are often exaggerated from the truth to sell papers. The Daily Star uses lots more quotations that involve peoples opinions for example † Our girls were in the wrong place at the wrong time. I don’t think there is anymore to be said about him† this is an extract from what the parents of the girls said to the press. The Times uses Experts views on the trial and that is mainly the judge. For example â€Å"it was not just for those two families you have sought to destroy, your crimes are those for which the community suffer†. The Times gives an unbiased view but cleverly uses quotations that show what the paper thinks on the matter it is addressing. The Daily Star has a paragraph devoted to what the paper itself thinks on the verdict. The Times ends the article about the parents of the murdered school girls, Holly and Jessica, by using a final quotation, † Mr. Wells said that his family would now be going on holiday. † We are going to take a short holiday break and gather our thoughts and focus on our son.† Using this quotation here concludes the report by looking to the future and helps link the reader more closely to the story. The Daily Star uses single-sentenced paragraphs, which are highly characteristic for tabloid papers, simplify the argument and allow the reader to follow it with ease. For example â€Å"He used to live with a girl of 15- and fathered her child†. The Times on the other hand uses complex sentences in comparison. For example, â€Å"But in searching the Police National Computer, Cambridgeshire police looked only for information about an Ian Nixon. Cambridgeshire also made inquiries with their counterparts in Humberside, but admit that they â€Å"probably† asked only two names.† The Times puts probably in inverted commas to show that this is somebody else’s term, and the journalist does not necessarily approve. Both newspapers convey as much information as they possibly can in the first paragraph. This is because it is estimated that around 70% of readers may read until the end of the first paragraph. Here is an example from the front page of The Times, â€Å"Ian Huntley is today revealed as a violent sexual predator who should never have been given the job that brought him into contact with Jessica Chapman and Holly Wells.† This first paragraph tells the reader who is involved and what happened. In the Daily Star ‘And’ is a sentence conjunction and it is frequently used as paragraph connectives. Here is an example, † And as he was led t o the cells the full horror of his perverted life was revealed for the first time.† I conclude that although there are many differences between The Times and The daily Star, The Times are moving towards including some of the tabloid papers features as it has more human-interest stories in it than ever before. The Times still has a plainer and more restrained layout than the Daily Star that uses colour and photographs to make it visually exciting and hold the readers attention. The editors of both papers try to cram as much information into the first paragraph and headline and few readers carry on reading until the end of the article. The Daily Star uses shorter paragraphs and lengths of articles to hold onto the reader’s attention and to make it simple enough for the reader to understand. The Times gives a neutral approach to what is an emotive story that most people have very strong feeling about. How to cite Media Course work: The Times and The Daily Star’s Coverage of the Ian Huntley Conviction, Essays

Humanitarian Principles Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Humanitarian Principles. Answer: Demonstration of general humanitarian principles that being applied: This is to be stated that the universal humanitarian principles include the assistance based on the evaluated requirements and the principles of neutrality, humanity and impartiality (Hilhorst Pereboom, 2016, p.85). Humanity: It can be said that the principle of humanity initiate to prevent and alleviate social anguish; offer protections and to respect the health, life and the significant dignity of every person (Collins, Garlington Cooney, 2015, p.95). Neutrality: This is to be stated that neutrality takes initiative by not taking any particular side in a struggle and offering aid exclusively to every individual. Impartiality: It can be mentioned that impartiality takes the account of not differentiating people because of their traditional origin, sex, race, political views or religion during the time of offering relief (Brown, 2016, p.232). This is to be noted that a brief summary of the principles n be drafted to analyze the guideline of all the significant assessments on the project and the apt implementation of the WHO humanitarian action. It can be said that the facility of WHO urgent assistance does not depend on the official assertion of a 'state of emergency' by the significant government. This is to be mentioned that WHO can initiate significant activities to provide practical assistance and urgent assistance when it is considered to be appropriate. It is evident that the dedicated Responsible Officer in the RO takes the initiative after receiving an emergency request from the skilled domestic expert officials from the significant United Nation (Zenn, 2013, p.3). This can be said that they avoid any sort of delay to take the emergency decisions and to execute the proper plan. Therefore, it is significant and important for them to analyze the immediacy to the situation in order to prioritize the situations on the basis of circumstances and consequences. This is to be noted that WHO is experiencing issues during their work like: The condition can be a major emergency or it can be turned into an emergency if the preventions and according actions are not being initiated on time. The situations or the circumstances are not sufficient enough in the case of domestic sources for the urgent meeting The extra sources from the different countries or organizations available and accessible at the time are also not sufficient or may not be available in the dedicated and significant exercises to meet the specific requirements (Swerdlow et al., 2016, p.2375). There are programs and practices which are sufficient enough to resolve an issue in the particular domain of the specific country. However, the crisis occurs when the issues are taking place across the particular border. Implementation of humanitarian health program management principles This is to be mentioned that the significant population movements becomes a constant issue among the Coxs Bazar with the growing absorption in Ukhia. It is the place where the underdeveloped wood land for a significant site has been pronounced by the Bangladesh Government. This is to be noted that the Government assigned 2,000 acres for new camps in Ukhia Upazila on 14 September. It is become a common tendency from mid of September the number of people shifting from the transit camps to minor sites and temporary settlements to the location where a new camp is being proposed to be formed (Katz, 2017, p.54). This is to be mentioned that the people are moving to the new, underdeveloped camps before the proper infrastructure and the facilities with the help of transportation offered by the government authorities. It can be said that the Government tries to rearrange the settlements for the people in Coxs Bazar, and significantly Bandarban, to the new camps, and the further locations and advanced density are adopted to intensify the threats. Humanitarian needs This is to be state that the immense and instant set up is needed to secure the lives and to combat with crisis, with the emergency requirements in food and health security, shelter management, nutrition and site specific management in order to settle the communities. It is evident that the humanitarian organizations are not functioning properly to balance or to cover. This is important to understand that the significant Rohingya population already has immediate requirements across the multiple sectors (Kipgen, 2014). It is to be noted that struggle sensitivity, inclusive reaction are needed to be highlighted among Rohingya immigrants within Coxs Bazar, and their corresponding communities, to secure the lives and diminish internal and external collective conflict within the community. It can be said that the sufficient land and substructure for end number of genuinely managed camps are important to avoid huge loss of lives due to infection, disease, and lack of security. This can be seen that presence of the large number of people in one congested place without proper infrastructure and security system can result into major conflicts and deaths. It is evident that the matter has become a reason of concern before the invasion, is a critical crisis among all the sites. This can be said that the limited and restricted substructure is resulting into dangerous and incontrollable concentration around services. It is to be noted that the great scale installation of infrastructure comprising avail lanes, terracing, drainage and maintenance for accommodation on mountainous land is difficult as a manager for smooth delivery of the important facilities. This can be said that the dedicated strong site administration groups require to be in proper place in all the localities to run companion delivery and assure enough and constant involvement with, and indulgent of societies. It is evident that a complete reaction cannot be attained without the site specificmanagement in a large scale. There will be conflicts like disease, infection and deaths take place as there is no proper and immediate infrastructure for clean water, sanitation and security. It is to be mentioned that there is no foregoing WASH amenities including sanitization, bathrooms or water in the list of arrangements which have started functioning from August. Number of people had been alleged for drinking water from the fields. The amenities that the WASH is offering is experiencing tremendous pressure as 100 people use same latrine at one specific site. Therefore, it can easily be said that the arrangements still are not sufficient enough for this large amount of people. This is why the new entrances also have restricted facilities of bathing, specifically for female, and immediately need WASH deliveries comprising the significant buckets and soaps. This is to be noted that according to the prior calculations of August, the significant amount of 76 per cent people cannot drink pure water (Chhetri, 2015, p.55). Therefore, the diseases like acute watery diarrhea and Cholera are widespread in country like Bangladesh during the contemporary period of rising population. It can be seen that there is huge risk of affecting by the natural calamities like cyclone or monsoon as there is no necessary facilities in this significant shelters. This is evident that most of the shelters which are made by bamboos and plastics are extremely prone to natural calamities. Therefore, this is to be stated that the Rohingyas are unsafe in every possible way (Clarke, Vollebk, Agy Elsanousi, 2017, p.95). This is a serious problem as the majority of the Rohinga people are still staying under the open sky. They have only the umbrellas to combat with rain, flood or any sort of natural calamities which are obviously not enough sufficient. The consequences a re often common in temporary arrangements where major number of people is out of shelter. This is to be noted that number of Rohingyas who are unable to access the lands and shelters are living in a vulnerable situation. The new plans are also not sufficient to meet their basic needs. Role of significant stakeholders in this humanitarian assistance: This is to be noted that the significant Stakeholders play the pivotal role in emplacing priorities and purposes of drinking water and hygiene oriented activities in order to confirm significance and suitability. It is significantly vital that every stakeholder should be engaged in the advancements of the missions and not only the straight facilities of inventiveness. This is to be mentioned the stakeholders to take active part during the planning of significant strategies and decisions. The strategy planning comprises the method of proper communication, cooperation and association among them (Cserhati Szabo, 2014, p.621). It is evident that this process is worthy to recognize the characteristics of the stakeholders. This can be said that this process will prove to be helpful in order to feature roles and duties to multiple stakeholders. It is because the application will be found as fruitful. This is also to be mentioned that the process helps not to arise any official conflict among the collective of stakeholders. It can be said that the importance or significance of the stakeholders are determined on the basis of the primacy given to meet the requirements of stakeholders. This is to be noted that the interest of the stakeholders are also being engaged in the strategy of the project and in the particular project accordingly for the further progress. It is also important to understand the significance of the involvement of the specific stakeholders in order to plan and execute the strategies (Serra Kunc, 2015, p.53). This is essential to evaluate the impact and supremacy of a significant stakeholder can determine the achievement or disappointment of the specific initiative. It can be understood that the significant powered e-notes the capability of the significant stakeholder to influence the application a proper plan in a project due to the workforce of the stakeholders. This is evident that power plays a significant role in terms of assistance and force of inventiveness. It is significantly vital to when and how the stakeholder initiates an action, how the person can involve others in this particular action and what exact amount the stakeholder can contribute in the specific initiative to determine the success of the plan. This is also important to consider the chances of the disappointments as it can help the people to make back up plans and make strategies to combat with the predictable crisis. Advantages Struggles can be avoided Benefits the planning (Merrifield et al., 2013, p.67) Disadvantages Can arise misunderstandings Offers only one image to combat the multiple stakeholders one an image how to cope with different stakeholders (Beringer, 2013, p.830) Valuable data can be lost Description legal implications of the humanitarian assistance This is to be noted that the International humanitarian law (IHL) is recognized as the disciplinary order of global law influenced by deliberations of the significant humankind and the moderation of social struggle (Kolb, 2013, p.23). It includes number of significant rules and regulations, recognized by the specific and precise custom to offer protection to number of victimized people or a certain affected area or property. This is to be noted that the limits and the conflict may directed by any parties. However, it is necessary to help victimized people of any end. This has known the advancement of the significant humanitarian rules in the facility of particular humanitarian aid. It can be said that the Global human rights law includes a list of regulations, formed by agreement or convention, which summarizes the responsibilities and liabilities countries to acknowledge, admire, guard and meet the demands of the human rights. It allows individual people and collectives to privilege number of practices or profits from the state government. This is to be discussed in Corresponding Sections of Legal procedure, IHRL includes a set of requirements appropriate to humanitarian assistance, comprising the power to life, the power to demand bread and water, the power to get significant and necessary medications, health care and hygiene, the power to fulfill the demand of sufficient clothing and other requirements, and the right to equity and equality (Rosenberg Silina, 2013, p.113). It can be said that the emigrant people who stay within the margins of their country can be protection under the international refugee law. This is to be mentioned that they may get the assistance from IHL and IHRL during an armed struggle. It is evident the supervisory ideologies on internal dislodgment are a number of non-obligatory global ideals, drawn principally from the significant standards, advanced to offer security and aid to specific IDPs. This is to be noted that the International refugee law incorporates a number of regulations, recognized by agreement or practice, with the target of offering security and aid to the individual victim who had to cross a global margin and are at threat or victimized people of oppression in their own motherland. It is being evident that the corresponding regions of legal actions will deliberate the contacts between IHL, IHRL and the defense of refugees and IDPs. This can be said that the International criminal law is comparatively a new body of law; outlaws number of orderings of behavior observed as severe massacres (eventually crimes against human, war criminalities, and genocide) and pursues to embrace responsible individual committers of such mishaps. It works with the glo bal ad hoc panels, varied panels, the domestic courts and International Criminal Court (ICL) (Iverson, 2013, p.413) References: Beringer, C. (2013). Behavior of internal stakeholders inproject portfolio management and its impact on success. International Journal of Project Managements, 830- 846. Retrived from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263786312001627 Brown, V. (2016). The impartial spectator and moral judgment.Econ Journal Watch,13(2), 232-248. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/openview/bcf66fd7dc0fc2d230ad28d29607a56b/1?pq-origsite=gscholarcbl=696386 Chhetri, J. (2015). Assessment of river water quality using macro-invertebrates as indicators. International Journal of Environment, 55-68. Retrived from https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/IJE/article/view/13230 Clarke, S., Vollebk, A. K., Agy, B. H., Elsanousi, M. (2017). Religion: Way of War or Path to Peace?.The Ecumenical Review,69(1), 95-112. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/erev.12270 Collins, M. E., Garlington, S., Cooney, K. (2015). Relieving human suffering: Compassion in social policy.J. Soc. Soc. Welfare,42, 95. Retrieved from https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/jrlsasw42div=9id=page Cserhati, G., Szabo, L. (2014). The relationship between success criteria and success factors in organisational event projects.International Journal of Project Management,32(4), 613-624. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0263786313001130 Hilhorst, D., Pereboom, E. (2016). Multi-mandate Organisations in Humanitarian Aid.2016). The new humanitarians in international practiceEmerging actors and contested principles, 85-102. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=9rw0CwAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PA85 Iverson, J. (2013). Traditional Justice, Jus Post Bellum and International Criminal Law: Differentiating at Usages, History and Dynamics. International Journal of Transitional Justice, 413-433. Retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/ijtj/article-abstract/7/3/413/643533 Jahan, I. (2014).Nationality crisis and rights of Rohingya refugee children: A sociological analysis of childrens rights in Bangladesh(Doctoral dissertation). https://repository.library.du.ac.bd:8080/handle/123456789/386 Katz, I. (2017). The Common Camp: temporary settlements as a spatio-political instrument in Israel-Palestine.The Journal of Architecture,22(1), 54-103. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13602365.2016.1276095 Kipgen, N. (2014). Addressing the Rohingya Problem.Journal of Asian and African Studies,49(2), 234-247. Retrieved from https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.890.9383rep=rep1type=pdf Kolb, R. (2013). The main epochs of modern international humanitarian law since 1864 and their related dominant legal constructions. 23-71. Retrieved from https://www.advancedintros.com/view/9781783477524/08_chapter01.xhtml Merrifield, M. S., McClintock, W., Burt, C., Fox, E., Serpa, P., Steinback, C., Gleason, M. (2013). MarineMap: a web-based platform for collaborative marine protected area planning.Ocean coastal management,74, 67-76. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964569112002050 Serra, C. E. M., Kunc, M. (2015). Benefits realisation management and its influence on project success and on the execution of business strategies.International Journal of Project Management,33(1), 53-66. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263786314000519 Swerdlow, S. H., Campo, E., Pileri, S. A., Harris, N. L., Stein, H., Siebert, R., ... Jaffe, E. S. (2016). The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms.Blood,127(20), 2375-2390. Retrieved from https://www.bloodjournal.org/content/127/20/2375?sso-checked=true Zenn, J. (2013). Cooperation or competition: Boko Haram and Ansaru after the Mali intervention.CTC Sentinel,6(3), 1-8. Retrieved from https://ctc.usma.edu/app/uploads/2013/03/CTCSentinel-Vol6Iss31.pdf

Teenage Pregnancy And Social Exclusion Social Work Essay Essay Example

Teenage Pregnancy And Social Exclusion Social Work Essay Essay The purpose of this survey or treatment is to analyze and discourse the impact of the labour authorities policy on teenage gestation and societal exclusion in the United Kingdom, to what extent has the policy achieved its purposes and aims and if the aims have non been met, why and how it may be improved, what are its defects and restraints in the execution procedure or if the policy itself was non good set together. Barry ( 2002 ) argues that societal exclusion occurs when persons or groups are non given the chance to take part in society, whether or non they desire to take part. The British Government in 2001 defined societal exclusion as a shorthand term for what can go on when people or countries suffer from a combination of linked jobs such as unemployment, hapless accomplishments, low incomes, hapless lodging, high offense, bad wellness and household dislocation . ( Cabinet Office, 2001 ) We will write a custom essay sample on Teenage Pregnancy And Social Exclusion Social Work Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Teenage Pregnancy And Social Exclusion Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Teenage Pregnancy And Social Exclusion Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Burchardt, Le Grand and Piachaud, ( 2002 ) place ingestion ( the capacity to buy goods and services, including wellness services ) , production ( taking portion in economically or socially valuable activities including voluntary work ) , political interaction or engagement ( engagement in local or national decision-making ) and societal interactions ( integrating with household, friends and the wider community ) as the four cardinal elements of societal engagement. These elements separately can stand for an result step for societal exclusion or inclusion. Adolescent gestation is a hazard factor for societal exclusion. Social disadvantage refers to a scope of societal and economic troubles an person can confront such as unemployment, poorness, and favoritism and is distributed unevenly on the footing of socio-demographic features such as ethnicity, socioeconomic place, educational degree, and topographic point of abode ( Wellings and Kane, 1999 ) . Social exclusion can go on to anybody but is more prevailing among immature people in attention, immature people non in school and among adolescents turning up in low income families, or those turning up with household struggles and people from some minority cultural communities are disproportionately at hazard of societal exclusion. people are besides most vulnerable at periods such as go forthing place, attention or instruction. Adolescent birth rates in the UK are the highest in Western Europe and gestation among misss under 16 old ages of age in England and Wales have increased since 2006, more than four in 10 misss still get pregnant before the age of 20. Two-thirdss of all pupils have sex before graduating from school and are exposed to gestation and sexually familial diseases. ( ONS, 2009 ) . Social exclusion Unit ( 2001 ) in their study to cabinet said that In England, there are about 90,000 constructs a twelvemonth to adolescents ; about 7,700 to girls under 16 and 2,200 to misss aged 14 or under. Roughly three-fifths of constructs 56,000 consequence in unrecorded births. Although more than two-thirds of under 16s do non hold sex and most adolescent misss reach their mid-twentiess without acquiring pregnant, the UK has teenage birth rates which are twice every bit high as in Germany, three times every bit high as in France and six times every bit high as in the Netherlands. Teenss that get pregnant are less likely to finish their instruction therefore hazards doing their future worse. They are more likely to be individual parents and are more likely to contract sexually transmitted diseases including HIV. Every twelvemonth there are new entrants into adolescent universe. The hazard factors that affect early teenage gestations are economic disadvantages, equal force per unit area, emotional hurt, sexual beliefs, attitude and accomplishments, household construction, community disadvantages, sexual hazard pickings and hapless preventive usage. ( Kirby, 2007 ) . The chief policy enterprises ( 750 ) New Labour ( 1997 ) introduced policies that aim to cut down immature people s hazards of low educational attainment, hapless or no occupation chances, criminalism and offending, adolescent gestation and sexually familial infections ( STIs ) . Tony Blair ( PM, 2001 ) in a preface to the Report by the Social Exclusion Unit on Preventing Social exclusion said Preventing exclusion where we can, reintegrating those who have become excluded, and puting in basic minimal criterions for all and we have worked in a new manner developing partnerships around common ends with the populace services, communities and charities, concerns and church administrations that have been fighting with the causes and symptoms of poorness for so long. The policy used hazard direction attacks as a manner of cut downing hazards of teenage gestation and sexually familial diseases amongst immature people by utilizing schemes that gives the single picks, duties and do them portion of the solution. New Labour s policies on teenage gestation centres around adolescent gestation and gender utilizing Knowledge Acquisition, Shifting Blame and Constituting Knowing Active Welfare Citizens as strategic Risk Management options. The New Labour authorities set up a Adolescent Pregnancy Strategy overseen by the Teenage Pregnancy Unit and the scheme centres on cut downing the rate of teenage constructs, with the specific purpose of halving the rate of constructs among under 18s by 2010. Geting more adolescent parents into instruction, preparation or employment, to cut down their hazard of long term societal exclusion. The Social Exclusion Unit was setup by the New Labour authorities to co-ordinate policy-making issues like school exclusion and hooky, unsmooth sleeping, teenage gestation, young person at hazard and deprived vicinities through, forestalling societal exclusion go oning in the first topographic point by cut downing the Numberss who go through experiences that put them at hazard or aiming action to counterbalance for the impact of these experiences, reintegrating those who become excluded back into society, by supplying clear ways back for those who have lost their occupation or their lodging, and missed out on acquisition and acquiring the rudimentss right by presenting basic minimal criterions to everyone in wellness, instruction, in-work income, employment and undertaking offense. Critically analyse policies-SID, RED, MUD Critical analysis of the Policy, ( 2000 ) Action to forestall societal exclusion is presenting consequences: the proportion of kids in places where no-one is in work has fallen from 17.9 per cent in 1997 to 15.1 per cent in 2001 ; over 100,000 kids are profiting from the Certain Start programme to guarantee they are ready to learn by the clip they reach primary school ; school exclusions have fallen by 18 per cent between 1997 and 1999 ; under-18 construct rates have fallen in four out of the last five quarters ; more 16-18 twelvemonth olds are remaining on in instruction ; the Care Leavers scheme has been introduced ; the Rough Sleepers Unit is flying new attacks to stop the fast path to homelessness from prison and the Armed Forces ; Drumhead Stakeholder Pensions will assist chair earners build up better pension entitlements from this April. Some 18 million people stand to derive from the State Second Pension, supplying more support than under the State Net incomes Related Pension Scheme ( SERPS ) for modest and low paid workers, and for carers and the handicapped ; and the personal revenue enhancement and benefit steps introduced over this Parliament mean that by October 2001, a single-earner household on half mean net incomes and with two immature kids will be ?3,000 a twelvemonth better off in existent footings compared with 1997. Families with person in full-time work will hold a guaranteed minimal income of at least ?225 a hebdomad, ?11,700 a twelvemonth. And households with kids in the poorest fifth of the population will on norm be ?1,700 a twelvemonth or around 15 per cent better off. And programmes to reintegrate people who have become excluded are entering successes: since 1997 more than 270,000 immature unemployed people have moved into work through the New Deal for Young People ; over 6,000 people have found work through the New Deal for Disabled People and over 75,000 people had found work between October 1998 and December 2000 through the New Deal for Lone Parents ; all Local Education Authorities ( LEAs ) have increased proviso for excluded students, a 3rd already make so, and two-thirds program to offer them full-time instruction in 2001 ; between June 1998 and June 2000, the figure of unsmooth slumberers fell by 36 per cent ; and the proportion of teenage parents in instruction, employment or preparation has increased from 16 to 31 per cent between 1997 and 2000. And alterations in basic public and private services are concentrating betterments on the poorest: higher criterions than of all time before in Key Stage 2 English and maths with a 10 and 13 per centum point betterment in each topic severally between 1998 and 2000 ; 44 Local Education Authorities ( LEAs ) in the 88 most deprived areas2 improved their Key Stage 2 maths consequences by 14 per cent or more between 1998 and 2000. The most improved country was Tower Hamlets, with an addition of 23 per cent ; 24 LEAs in deprived countries improved their Key Stage 2 English consequences by 11 per cent or more over the same period ; between 1998 and 2000 kids from most minority cultural communities saw a rise in accomplishment of GCSEs. This includes an eight per centum point addition in the figure of black students accomplishing five or more GCSE grade A*-C, against an norm for all students of three per centum points ; unemployment has fallen faster than the national norm in 19 of the 20 highest unemployment countries ; the combined effects of Minimum Income Guarantee ( MIG ) , Winter Fuel Payments and free telecasting licenses for those aged 75 and over mean that from April 2001 around two million of the poorest pensionary families will be at least ?800 a twelvemonth better off compared with 1997 a existent footings rise in life criterions of 17 per cent. together with revenue enhancement and benefit reforms, the national lower limit pay has helped to do work wage and promote persons to travel from benefits into work ; and by the terminal of 2000, all the high street Bankss offered a basic bank history available to all. Preventing societal exclusion These betterments are a good start. Tendencies on literacy, school exclusion, post-16 engagement and rough kiping are on path. Incomes for the poorest pensionaries and households, and for low-paid workers, have risen well. Where programmes have been slow to present consequences, for illustration on hooky, the Government is escalating action. But many of the programmes in this papers are merely in their babyhood, and are on class to present more significant consequences over clip. At the same clip, policy invention has been accompanied by new constructions and new ways of working within Government. These have created clearer answerability for cross-cutting topics such as rough sleeping, vicinity reclamation and young person policy ; set the footing for a new relationship of Partnership with groups outside Government ; organised services around the demands of the client ; and helped people to assist themselves Policy can worsen and non relieve Conclusion ( 500 ) The 1999 UK authorities s study on adolescent gestation concluded that the following were risk factors for gestations among adolescent misss: socioeconomic disadvantage, holding been oneself the kid of a adolescent parent, hapless communicating with parents, non being in instruction, preparation or work after age 16 old ages, equal force per unit area to hold sex early, educational jobs such as low accomplishment and hooky, intoxicant usage, low cognition about sexual wellness, and larning about sex from beginnings other than school However, these decisions were based on grounds that was instead old or from cross-sectional surveies, which are non the best usher to current tendencies